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Answer : I think you are talking about padding strings with spaces. One way to do this is with string format codes. For example, if you want to pad a string to a certain length with spaces, use something like this: String padded = String.format("%-20s", str); In a formatter, % introduces a format sequence. The - means that the string will be left-justified (spaces will be added on the right of the string). The 20 means the resulting string will be 20 characters long. The s is the character string format code, and ends the format sequence. There's a few approaches for this: Create a char array then use Arrays.fill, and finally convert to a String Iterate through a loop adding a space each time Use String.format

Answer : This character (len=:), allocatable :: input_trim is certainly syntactically correct in Fortran 2003. You don't say what the error that gfortran raises is, so I can't comment on why it doesn't accept the line -- perhaps you have an old version of the compiler installed. With an up-to-date Fortran compiler ( eg Intel Fortran v14.xxx) you don't need to allocate the character variable's size prior to assigning to it, you can simply write input_trim = trim(input) Note that read(*,*) input_trim won't work.

Answer : You are doing it right. From the documentation: Strings are constant; their values cannot be changed after they are created. String buffers support mutable strings. Because String objects are immutable they can be shared. Also from the documentation: trim public String trim() Returns a copy of the string, with leading and trailing whitespace omitted. If this String object represents an empty character sequence, or the first and last characters of character sequence represented by this String object both have codes greater than '\u0020' (the space character), then a reference to this String object is returned. Otherwise, if there is no character with a code greater than '\u0020' in the string, then a new String object representing an empty string is created and returned. Otherwise, let k be the index of the first character in the string whose code is greater than '\u0020', and let m be the in...